Kev nyab xeeb ntawm lithium roj teeb yeej ib txwm muaj kev txhawj xeeb hauv kev lag luam. Vim lawv cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb thiab ib puag ncig kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, thaum muaj hluav taws kub nyhiab tshwm sim, nws yuav ua rau cov khoom puas tsuaj, khoom poob, thiab txawm tias raug mob. Tom qab lub roj teeb lithium tshwm sim, kev pov tseg yog qhov nyuaj, siv sijhawm ntev, thiab feem ntau cuam tshuam txog kev tsim cov pa roj ntau ntau. Yog li ntawd, kev tua hluav taws raws sij hawm tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov kev sib kis ntawm hluav taws, kom tsis txhob muaj kev kub hnyiab, thiab muab sijhawm ntau rau cov neeg ua haujlwm khiav tawm.

Thaum lub sij hawm thermal runaway txheej txheem ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb, pa taws, hluav taws, thiab txawm tawg feem ntau tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, kev tswj cov thermal runaway thiab diffusion teeb meem tau dhau los ua qhov kev sib tw tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv roj teeb lithium hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv. Kev xaiv cov cuab yeej tua hluav taws zoo tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntxiv ntawm cov roj teeb thermal runaway, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tua hluav taws.

Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yuav qhia txog lub ntsiab hluav taws xob tua hluav taws thiab cov txheej txheem tua hluav taws uas tam sim no muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, thiab tshuaj xyuas qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau hom hluav taws tua hluav taws.

Hom Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob

Tam sim no, cov hluav taws tua hluav taws hauv kev ua lag luam feem ntau muab faib ua cov hluav taws tua hluav taws, cov hluav taws tua hluav taws tua hluav taws, cov hluav taws tua hluav taws aerosol, thiab cov hmoov tua hluav taws qhuav. Hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia txog cov lis dej num thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua hom kev tua hluav taws.

Perfluorohexane: Perfluorohexane tau teev nyob rau hauv PFAS cov lus nug ntawm OECD thiab US EPA. Yog li ntawd, kev siv perfluorohexane ua ib tus neeg tua hluav taws yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv zos thiab cov kev cai thiab sib txuas lus nrog cov koom haum tswj hwm ib puag ncig. Txij li thaum cov khoom ntawm perfluorohexane nyob rau hauv thermal decomposition yog tsev cog khoom gases, nws tsis haum rau lub sij hawm ntev, loj-kuaj, nruam txau. Nws raug nquahu kom siv nws ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tsuag dej.

Trifluoromethane:Trifluoromethane cov neeg ua haujlwm tsuas yog tsim los ntawm ob peb lub tuam txhab, thiab tsis muaj cov qauv hauv tebchaws tshwj xeeb uas tswj cov hom hluav taws tua hluav taws no. Tus nqi txij nkawm yog siab, yog li nws tsis pom zoo siv.

Hexafluoropropane:Tus neeg tua hluav taws tua hluav taws no ua rau cov khoom siv lossis cov khoom siv puas tsuaj thaum siv, thiab nws lub Ntiaj Teb Warming Potential (GWP) yog qhov siab. Yog li ntawd, hexafluoropropane tsuas yog siv los ua ib qho kev hloov hluav taws xob tua hluav taws.

Heptafluoropropane:Vim lub tsev cog qoob loo, nws maj mam raug txwv los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws thiab yuav ntsib kev tshem tawm. Tam sim no, cov neeg sawv cev heptafluoropropane tau raug txiav tawm, uas yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv kev rov ua cov kab mob heptafluoropropane uas twb muaj lawm thaum kho. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis pom zoo siv.

Inert Gas:Xws li IG 01, IG 100, IG 55, IG 541, ntawm cov IG 541 yog siv ntau dua thiab raug lees paub thoob ntiaj teb tias yog ntsuab thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg tua hluav taws. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev tsim kho tus nqi siab, kev thov siab rau lub tog raj kheej roj, thiab chaw ua haujlwm loj.

Dej raws li tus neeg sawv cev:Cov tshuaj tua hluav taws zoo tshaj plaws tau siv dav, thiab lawv muaj qhov ua kom txias zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim dej muaj lub peev xwm tshwj xeeb kub, uas tuaj yeem nqus tau cov cua sov sai, ua kom cov khoom tsis muaj zog hauv lub roj teeb thiab yog li inhibiting kub nce ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, dej ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov roj teeb thiab tsis insulating, ua rau lub roj teeb luv luv.

Aerosol:Vim nws cov phooj ywg ib puag ncig, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tus nqi qis, thiab kev saib xyuas yooj yim, aerosol tau dhau los ua tus neeg tua hluav taws tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov aerosol xaiv yuav tsum ua raws li UN cov cai thiab cov cai hauv zos thiab cov kev cai, thiab cov khoom lag luam hauv teb chaws yuav tsum muaj ntawv pov thawj. Txawm li cas los xij, aerosols tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom txias, thiab thaum lub sij hawm lawv daim ntawv thov, lub roj teeb kub tseem tseem siab. Tom qab tus neeg tua hluav taws tso tseg tsis tso tawm, lub roj teeb yog qhov yooj yim rau kev kav.

Kev siv hluav taws xob tua hluav taws

Lub Xeev Lub Tsev Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Hluav Taws Xob ntawm University of Science thiab Technology ntawm Tuam Tshoj tau ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb piv rau cov hluav taws tua hluav taws ntawm ABC qhuav hmoov, heptafluoropropane, dej, perfluorohexane, thiab CO2 hluav taws tua hluav taws ntawm 38A lithium-ion roj teeb.

Kev sib piv ntawm Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob

ABC qhuav hmoov, heptafluoropropane, dej, thiab perfluorohexane tuaj yeem tua hluav taws sai sai yam tsis muaj kev kav. Txawm li cas los xij, CO2 hluav taws tua hluav taws tsis tuaj yeem tua hluav taws tua hluav taws thiab yuav ua rau muaj kev kav.

Kev sib piv ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob

Tom qab thermal runaway, tus cwj pwm ntawm cov roj teeb lithium nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov hluav taws tua hluav taws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb theem: theem cua txias, theem ntawm qhov kub ceev, thiab theem qis qis.

Thawj theemyog lub caij txias, qhov kub ntawm lub roj teeb saum npoo yuav txo qis tom qab cov hluav taws tua hluav taws tso tawm. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim ob yam:

• Roj teeb qhov cua: Ua ntej lub thermal runaway ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb, ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm alkanes thiab CO2 roj accumulates nyob rau hauv lub roj teeb. Thaum lub roj teeb nce mus txog nws qhov kev txwv siab, qhov kev nyab xeeb valve qhib, tso cov pa hluav taws xob siab. Cov roj no nqa tawm cov khoom siv hauv lub roj teeb thaum tseem muab qee qhov ua kom txias rau lub roj teeb.
• Cov nyhuv ntawm cov hluav taws tua hluav taws: Cov nyhuv txias ntawm cov hluav taws tua hluav taws feem ntau yog los ntawm ob qhov chaw: kev nqus cua sov thaum lub sij hawm hloov pauv thiab cov nyhuv tshuaj lom neeg. Theem hloov cov cua sov nqus ncaj qha tshem tawm cov cua sov uas tsim los ntawm lub roj teeb, thaum cov tshuaj cais tawm tsis ncaj qha txo cov cua sov los ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov tshuaj lom neeg. Dej muaj qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ua kom txias txias vim tias nws muaj peev xwm ua kom sov siab, tso cai rau nws nqus tau cov cua kub sai heev. Perfluorohexane ua raws li, thaum HFC-227ea, CO2, thiab ABC qhuav hmoov tsis qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cua txias, uas muaj feem xyuam rau qhov xwm txheej thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tua hluav taws.

Qhov thib ob theem yog qhov kub ceev nce theem, qhov twg lub roj teeb kub ceev ceev los ntawm nws qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi mus rau nws lub ncov. Txij li thaum cov hluav taws tua hluav taws tsis tuaj yeem nres qhov kev puas tsuaj hauv lub roj teeb, thiab cov hluav taws tua hluav taws feem ntau muaj cov cua txias tsis zoo, qhov kub ntawm lub roj teeb qhia tau hais tias yuav luag ntsug upward sib txawv rau cov hluav taws tua hluav taws sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv, qhov kub ntawm lub roj teeb nce mus rau nws lub ncov.

Nyob rau theem no, muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tua hluav taws sib txawv hauv inhibiting qhov nce hauv roj teeb kub. Kev ua tau zoo hauv kev txiav txim siab nqis los yog dej> perfluorohexane> HFC-227ea> ABC qhuav hmoov> CO2. Thaum lub roj teeb kub nce qeeb, nws muab lub sijhawm teb ntau dua rau lub roj teeb ceeb toom hluav taws thiab sijhawm ntau dua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm.

Xaus

1. CO2: Cov hluav taws tua hluav taws zoo li CO2, uas feem ntau ua los ntawm kev ua pa thiab kev sib cais, muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm cov roj teeb hluav taws xob. Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, qhov tshwm sim loj heev tshwm sim nrog CO2, ua rau nws tsis haum rau cov roj teeb lithium.
2. ABC Qhuav Powder / HFC-227ea: ABC qhuav hmoov thiab HFC-227ea hluav taws tua hluav taws, uas feem ntau ua los ntawm kev sib cais thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov saw hlau hauv cov roj teeb rau qee qhov. Lawv muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua li CO2 me ntsis, tab sis vim tias lawv tsis muaj qhov txias txias thiab tsis tuaj yeem thaiv cov kev cuam tshuam sab hauv hauv lub roj teeb, qhov kub ntawm lub roj teeb tseem nce sai sai tom qab cov tshuaj tua hluav taws tso tawm.
3. Perfluorohexane: Perfluorohexane tsis tsuas yog thaiv cov roj teeb sab hauv tab sis kuj nqus cua sov los ntawm vaporization. Yog li ntawd, nws cov nyhuv inhibitory ntawm cov roj teeb hluav taws xob yog qhov zoo dua li lwm cov tshuaj tua hluav taws.
4. Dej: Ntawm tag nrho cov hluav taws tua hluav taws, dej muaj qhov pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev tua hluav taws. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim dej muaj lub peev xwm tshwj xeeb thaum tshav kub kub, tso cai rau nws nqus tau cov cua sov sai. Qhov no cools down cov unreacted active tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub roj teeb, yog li inhibiting ntxiv kub nce. Txawm li cas los xij, dej ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov roj teeb thiab tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev rwb thaiv tsev, yog li nws siv yuav tsum ceev faj heev.

Peb Yuav Xaiv Dab Tsi?

Peb tau soj ntsuam cov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws uas siv los ntawm ntau lub zog cia cov tuam txhab lag luam tam sim no nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, feem ntau siv cov kev daws teeb meem hauv qab no:

• Perfluorohexane + Dej
• Aerosol + dej

Nws pom tau tiassynergistic hluav taws tua hluav taws yog cov qauv tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab roj teeb lithium. Siv Perfluorohexane + Dej ua piv txwv, Perfluorohexane tuaj yeem tua cov nplaim taws sai sai, ua kom yooj yim rau kev sib cuag ntawm cov dej tsis zoo nrog lub roj teeb, thaum cov dej tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua kom txias. Kev sib koom tes ua haujlwm tau zoo dua tua hluav taws thiab ua kom txias dua piv rau kev siv ib tus neeg tua hluav taws. Tam sim no, EU Txoj Cai Lij Choj Roj Teeb Tshiab yuav tsum muaj cov ntawv roj teeb yav tom ntej kom suav nrog cov neeg tua hluav taws muaj. Cov neeg tsim khoom kuj tseem yuav tsum xaiv tus neeg sawv cev tua hluav taws uas tsim nyog raws li lawv cov khoom, cov cai hauv zos, thiab kev ua tau zoo.