Tam sim no, feem ntau ntawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov roj teeb lithium-ion tshwm sim vim qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv Circuit Court, uas ua rau lub roj teeb thermal runaway thiab ua rau hluav taws kub thiab tawg.Yog li, txhawm rau kom paub txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv lithium roj teeb, kev tsim hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab txhua yam uas ua rau tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lithium roj teeb yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.Ntxiv nrog rau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, kev ua tsis tiav yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov xwm txheej sab nraud, xws li kev tshaj tawm, tshaj tawm thiab kub siab.Yog tias cov kev ntsuas no tau saib xyuas hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag thiab cov kev tiv thaiv raug coj los siv thaum lawv hloov pauv, qhov tshwm sim ntawm thermal runaway tuaj yeem zam tau.Kev nyab xeeb tsim ntawm lithium roj teeb suav nrog ntau yam: kev xaiv ntawm tes, kev tsim qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm kev nyab xeeb ntawm BMS.

Cell xaiv

Muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm tes hauv qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm tes yog lub hauv paus.Vim muaj cov tshuaj sib txawv, kev nyab xeeb sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv cathode sib txawv ntawm lithium roj teeb.Piv txwv li, lithium hlau phosphate yog olivine-zoo li tus, uas yog qhov ruaj khov thiab tsis yooj yim rau tawg.Lithium cobaltate thiab lithium ternary, txawm li cas los xij, yog cov txheej txheem txheej txheem uas yooj yim kom tawg.Kev xaiv cais kuj tseem ceeb heev, vim nws qhov kev ua tau zoo yog cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm tes.Yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv kev xaiv ntawm tes, tsis tsuas yog nrhiav tau cov ntaub ntawv tab sis kuj cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, cov ntaub ntawv thiab lawv tsis yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab.

Tus qauv tsim

Cov qauv tsim ntawm lub roj teeb feem ntau yog txiav txim siab txog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm rwb thaiv tsev thiab cua sov dissipation.

• Rwb thaiv tsev cov kev cai feem ntau muaj xws li cov hauv qab no: Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm qhov zoo thiab tsis zoo electrode;Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cell thiab enclosure;Rwb thaiv tsev ntawm tus ncej tabs thiab enclosure;PCB hluav taws xob qhov sib nrug thiab nkag mus deb, sab hauv thaiv kev tsim, tsim hauv av, thiab lwm yam.
• Thaum tshav kub kub dissipation feem ntau yog rau qee lub zog loj cia lossis traction roj teeb.Vim lub zog siab ntawm cov roj teeb no, cov cua sov tsim tawm thaum them thiab tso tawm yog qhov loj heev.Yog tias cov cua sov tsis tuaj yeem ploj mus rau lub sijhawm, cov cua sov yuav sib sau ua ke thiab ua rau muaj xwm txheej.Yog li ntawd, kev xaiv thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus (Nws yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev siv lub zog thiab cov plua plav tsis zoo thiab cov dej tsis muaj dej), kev xaiv cov cua txias thiab lwm yam thermal rwb thaiv tsev, cua sov dissipation thiab tua hluav taws yuav tsum tau muab coj los rau hauv tus account.

Rau kev xaiv thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm lub roj teeb txias, thov xa mus rau qhov kev tshaj tawm dhau los.

Functional Safety Design

Lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg lub zog txiav txim siab tias cov khoom siv tsis tuaj yeem txwv qhov kev them nyiaj thiab tawm qhov hluav taws xob.Thaum lub them thiab tawm hluav taws xob ntau tshaj qhov ntsuas, nws yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub lithium roj teeb.Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov kev tiv thaiv Circuit Court kom tswj tau qhov voltage thiab tam sim no ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes nyob rau hauv ib txwm lub xeev thaum lub lithium roj teeb ua hauj lwm.Rau BMS ntawm cov roj teeb, cov haujlwm hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua:

• Them dhau qhov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob: overcharge yog ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb rau thermal runaway.Tom qab overcharge, cov khoom siv cathode yuav vau vim ntau dhau lithium ion tso tawm, thiab cov electrode tsis zoo kuj tseem muaj lithium nag lossis daus tshwm sim, uas ua rau txo qis ntawm thermal stability thiab qhov nce ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sab nraud, uas muaj peev xwm ua rau thermal runaway.Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau txiav tawm tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm tom qab lub them nyiaj mus txog rau lub Upper limit voltage ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes.Qhov no yuav tsum tau BMS kom muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev them nyiaj tshaj qhov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, kom lub zog ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes ib txwm khaws cia nyob rau hauv kev txwv kev ua haujlwm.Nws yuav zoo dua tias qhov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tsis yog tus nqi ntau thiab sib txawv, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub roj teeb tsis raug txiav tawm tam sim no hauv lub sijhawm thaum nws them tag nrho, ua rau overcharge.Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob ntawm BMS feem ntau yog tsim los ua tib yam lossis qis dua li qhov hluav taws xob sab sauv ntawm tes.
• Them dhau qhov kev tiv thaiv tam sim no: Them lub roj teeb uas muaj tam sim no ntau tshaj qhov kev them nqi lossis kev tso tawm tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cua sov.Thaum tshav kub accumulates txaus los yaj lub diaphragm, nws yuav ua rau ib tug luv luv Circuit Court.Yog li kev them nyiaj raws sij hawm dhau kev tiv thaiv tam sim no kuj tseem ceeb.Peb yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov kev tiv thaiv tam sim no tsis tuaj yeem siab dua li qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm tes tam sim no hauv kev tsim.
• Tshem tawm hauv qhov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob: qhov hluav taws xob loj dhau lossis me me dhau yuav ua rau lub roj teeb ua haujlwm tsis zoo.Kev tawm mus tas li nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob yuav ua rau cov tooj liab los nag thiab qhov tsis zoo electrode yuav vau, yog li feem ntau lub roj teeb yuav muaj tawm hauv qhov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.
• Tshem tawm ntawm kev tiv thaiv tam sim no: Feem ntau ntawm PCB them thiab tawm los ntawm tib lub interface, qhov no tus nqi thiab kev tiv thaiv tawm tam sim no zoo ib yam.Tab sis qee lub roj teeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov roj teeb rau cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob, kev them nyiaj ceev thiab lwm hom roj teeb yuav tsum tau siv cov hluav taws xob loj los yog kev them nyiaj, qhov tam sim no tsis sib haum rau lub sijhawm no, yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau them thiab tawm hauv ob lub voj voog tswj.
• Kev tiv thaiv luv luv: Lub roj teeb luv luv kuj yog ib qho ua txhaum ntau tshaj plaws.Qee qhov kev sib tsoo, kev siv tsis raug, nyem, koob, dej ingress, thiab lwm yam, yooj yim rau induce luv luv Circuit Court.Ib qho luv luv Circuit Court tam sim ntawd yuav tsim kom muaj qhov paug tawm loj, uas ua rau muaj kev nce siab hauv roj teeb kub.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrochemical feem ntau tshwm sim hauv lub cell tom qab sab nraud luv luv Circuit Court, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm exothermic.Kev tiv thaiv luv luv kuj yog ib hom kev tiv thaiv tam sim no.Tab sis qhov luv luv Circuit Court tam sim no yuav tsis muaj kawg, thiab lub tshav kub thiab kev puas tsuaj kuj yog infinite, yog li kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau rhiab heev thiab tuaj yeem tshwm sim.Cov kev tiv thaiv luv luv xws li contactors, fuse, mos, thiab lwm yam.
• Kev tiv thaiv kub dhau: Lub roj teeb rhiab rau qhov kub thiab txias.Qhov kub thiab txias dhau lawm yuav cuam tshuam rau nws qhov kev ua tau zoo.Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom lub roj teeb ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov txwv kub.BMS yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv qhov kub thiab txias kom nres lub roj teeb thaum qhov kub thiab txias dhau los lossis qis dhau.Nws tuaj yeem muab faib rau hauv kev tiv thaiv qhov kub thiab txias tiv thaiv, thiab lwm yam.
• Ntsuas kev ua haujlwm: Rau phau ntawv sau thiab lwm cov roj teeb ntau, muaj qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov hlwb vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.Piv txwv li, qee lub hlwb sab hauv kuj loj dua lwm tus.Qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no yuav maj mam zuj zus nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud.Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj kev tswj xyuas qhov sib npaug kom siv qhov sib npaug ntawm tes.Feem ntau muaj ob hom equilibrium:

1.Passive ntsuas: Siv cov khoom siv kho vajtse, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib piv, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob kom tso tawm lub zog ntau dhau ntawm cov roj teeb muaj peev xwm.Tab sis lub zog noj yog loj, qhov sib npaug ceev yog qeeb, thiab cov efficiency yog tsawg.

2.Active balancing: siv cov capacitors los khaws lub zog ntawm cov hlwb uas muaj hluav taws xob ntau dua thiab tso tawm mus rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes nrog qhov qis dua.Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub siab sib txawv ntawm cov hlwb uas nyob ib sab me me, lub sij hawm sib npaug yog ntev, thiab qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug tuaj yeem tsim tau yooj yim dua.

Txheem validation

Thaum kawg, yog tias koj xav kom koj cov roj teeb ua tiav nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb lossis kev lag luam hauv tsev, lawv kuj yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov qauv kev sib raug zoo kom ntseeg tau tias kev nyab xeeb ntawm lithium-ion roj teeb.Los ntawm cov hlwb mus rau cov roj teeb thiab cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov qauv kev sim.Kab lus no yuav tsom mus rau kev tiv thaiv roj teeb hauv tsev rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob IT.

GB 31241-2022

Cov qauv no yog rau cov roj teeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob portable.Nws feem ntau txiav txim siab txog lub sijhawm 5.2 qhov kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm, 10.1 txog 10.5 kev nyab xeeb rau PCM, 11.1 txog 11.5 kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum muaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab ke (thaum lub roj teeb nws tus kheej tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv), 12.1 thiab 12.2 yuav tsum tau ua kom sib xws, thiab Cov Ntawv Ntxiv A (rau cov ntaub ntawv) .

u Lub Sijhawm 5.2 xav tau ntawm cov xovtooj ntawm tes thiab cov roj teeb yuav tsum sib phim, uas tuaj yeem nkag siab tias qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub roj teeb yuav tsum tsis pub dhau ntau ntawm cov cell.Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tiv thaiv roj teeb puas yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov roj teeb ua haujlwm tsis pub dhau qhov ntau ntawm cov hlwb?Muaj kev nkag siab sib txawv, tab sis los ntawm kev xav ntawm lub roj teeb tsim kev nyab xeeb, cov lus teb yog yog.Piv txwv li, qhov siab tshaj plaws them tam sim no ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes (lossis cell block) yog 3000mA, qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm tam sim no ntawm lub roj teeb yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 3000mA, thiab kev tiv thaiv tam sim no ntawm lub roj teeb yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias tam sim no hauv cov txheej txheem them nyiaj yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj. 3000 mA.Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev no peb tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau zoo thiab zam kev phom sij.Rau kev tsim cov kev tiv thaiv tsis, thov xa mus rau Cov Ntawv Ntxiv A. Nws suav nrog cov qauv tsim ntawm tes - roj teeb - tus tswv tsev siv, uas yog qhov dav.

u Rau cov roj teeb uas muaj kev tiv thaiv Circuit Court, yuav tsum muaj 10.1 ~ 10.5 roj teeb tiv thaiv Circuit Court kev nyab xeeb kuaj.Tshooj no tsuas yog tshawb xyuas kev them nyiaj tshaj qhov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, them tshaj qhov kev tiv thaiv tam sim no, tawm hauv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, tawm ntawm kev tiv thaiv tam sim no thiab kev tiv thaiv luv luv.Cov no yog hais nyob rau saum toj noKev Tsim Kho Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeebthiab cov kev cai yooj yim.GB 31241 yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas 500 zaug.

u Yog tias lub roj teeb uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv Circuit Court tiv thaiv los ntawm nws lub charger lossis qhov kawg, kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm 11.1 ~ 11.5 system tiv thaiv Circuit Court yuav tsum tau ua nrog cov khoom tiv thaiv sab nraud.Voltage, tam sim no thiab kub tswj ntawm tus nqi thiab tawm yog tsuas yog tshawb xyuas.Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias, piv nrog cov roj teeb uas muaj kev tiv thaiv circuits, cov roj teeb uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv circuits tsuas yog tso siab rau kev tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hauv kev siv tiag tiag.Qhov kev pheej hmoo siab dua, yog li qhov kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ua thiab ib qho txhaum cai yuav raug sim cais.Qhov no yuam cov cuab yeej kawg kom muaj kev tiv thaiv dual;txwv tsis pub nws tsis tuaj yeem xeem dhau ntawm Tshooj 11.

u Thaum kawg, yog tias muaj ntau lub cell hauv lub roj teeb, koj yuav tsum xav txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev them nyiaj tsis sib npaug.Yuav tsum muaj kev sim ua raws li tshooj 12.Qhov sib npaug thiab qhov sib txawv siab tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm PCB feem ntau yog tshawb xyuas ntawm no.Txoj haujlwm no tsis tas yuav tsum muaj rau cov roj teeb ib leeg.

GB 4943.1-2022

Cov qauv no yog rau cov khoom AV.Nrog rau kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov qauv tshiab ntawm GB 4943.1-2022 muab cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau cov roj teeb hauv Appendix M, ntsuas cov khoom siv nrog cov roj teeb thiab lawv cov kev tiv thaiv circuits.Raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub roj teeb tiv thaiv Circuit Court, ntxiv kev nyab xeeb rau cov khoom siv uas muaj cov roj teeb lithium thib ob kuj tau ntxiv.

u Qhov thib ob lithium roj teeb tiv thaiv Circuit Court feem ntau tshawb xyuas tshaj-them, tshaj tawm, thim rov qab, them kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb (kub), tiv thaiv luv luv Circuit Court, thiab lwm yam.Qhov kev xav tau no tsis tau hais nyob rau hauv cov qauv roj teeb GB 31241. Yog li hauv kev tsim cov roj teeb kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm, peb yuav tsum muab cov qauv kev cai ntawm lub roj teeb thiab tus tswv tsev.Yog tias lub roj teeb tsuas muaj ib qho kev tiv thaiv thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv rov ua dua, lossis lub roj teeb tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv Circuit Court thiab kev tiv thaiv Circuit Court tsuas yog muab los ntawm tus tswv tsev, tus tswv tsev yuav tsum suav nrog rau qhov kev xeem no.

Xaus

Hauv kev xaus, txhawm rau tsim lub roj teeb muaj kev nyab xeeb, ntxiv rau qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv nws tus kheej, kev tsim cov qauv tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug.Txawm hais tias cov qauv sib txawv muaj cov kev cai sib txawv rau cov khoom, yog tias kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub roj teeb tsim tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ua kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov kev lag luam sib txawv, lub sij hawm ua cov hmoov txhuas tuaj yeem txo qis heev thiab cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem nrawm dua.Ntxiv nrog rau kev sib txuas cov kev cai lij choj, cov cai thiab cov qauv ntawm cov teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam sib txawv, nws kuj tseem tsim nyog los tsim cov khoom raws li kev siv cov roj teeb tiag tiag hauv cov khoom siv davhlau ya nyob twg.